The Gateway of India is a monument built during the British Raj in Mumbai
(formerly Bombay), India. It is located on the waterfront in the Apollo
Bunder area in South Mumbai and overlooks the Arabian Sea. The
structure is a basalt arch, 26 metres (85 feet) high. It lies at the end
of Chhatrapati Shivaji Marg at the water's edge in Mumbai Harbour. It
was a crude jetty used by the fishing community which was later
renovated and used as a landing place for British governors and other
prominent people.
In earlier times, it would have been the first
structure that visitors arriving by boat in Mumbai would have seen. The
Gateway has also been referred to as the Taj Mahal of Mumbai, and is the
city's top India Tour attraction.
The
structure was erected to commemorate the landing of their Majesties
King George V and Queen Mary at Apollo Bunder, when they visited India
in 1911. Built in Indo-Saracenic style, the foundation stone for the
Gateway of India was laid on 31 March 1911.
The final design of George
Wittet was sanctioned in 1914 and the construction of the monument was
completed in 1924. The Gateway was later the ceremonial entrance to
India for Viceroys and the new Governors of Bombay. It served to allow
entry and access to India.
he
monument has faced three terror attacks from the beginning of the 21st
century; twice in 2003 and it was also the disembarkation point in 2008
when four gunmen attacked the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower.
The Gateway of India
was built to commemorate the visit of King George V and Queen Mary to
Mumbai, prior to the Delhi Durbar, in December 1911. However, they only
got to see only a cardboard model of the structure since the
construction did not begin till 1915. The foundation stone was laid on
31 March 1911, by the governor of Bombay Sir George Sydenham Clarke,
with the final design of George Wittet sanctioned on 31 March 1913.
The
gateway was built from yellow basalt and concrete.
Between 1915 and
1919, work proceeded on reclamation's at Apollo Bundar (Port) for the
land on which the gateway and the new sea wall would be built. The
foundations were completed in 1920, and construction was finished in
1924. The gateway was opened on 4 December 1924, by the viceroy, the
Earl of Reading. The last British troops to leave India following the
country's independence, the first Battalion of the Somerset Light
Infantry, passed through the gateway on their way out in a ceremony on
28 February 1948, signalling the end of its rule.
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